1850–1859
501 entries with publication dates in this decade.
1851
#2614
Transplantation of malignant tumors.
First experimental transplantation of tumors.
1851
#2757
A practical treatise on the diseases of the lungs and heart, including the principles of physical diagnosis.
Walshe, physician to University College Hospital, London, was one of the first to recognize the presystolic character of the direct mitral murmur in mitral stenosis.
1851
#4260
The anatomy and diseases of the prostate gland.
Adams was the first to distinguish between hypertrophy and carcinoma of the prostate. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.
1851
#4041
On a certain affection of the skin, vitiligoidea: α Plana, β tuberosa.
In their classic account of xanthoma multiplex, Addison and Gull believed they were describing a new disease, but Rayer had been the first to mention it. (See No. 3989; see also the later paper by Gull, Guy’s Hosp. Re…
1851
#4169
Cystitis; lateral operation on the bladder, death; tuberculous kidney.
First cystotomy for inflammation and rupture of the bladder.
1851 –1852
#4418
Dislocation of the femur on the dorsum ilii, reducible without pulleys, or any other mechanical power, three cases.
Reduction of dislocation without manipulation. Reid demonstrated the futility of attempting to reduce a dorsal dislocation of the hip by forcible longitudinal traction with pulleys.
1851
#4209
Die Bright’sche Nierenkrankheit.
Frerichs divided the progression of renal disease into three stages: initial hyperemia, fatty infiltration and exudation, and organization leading to fibrosis and atrophy. This is one of the earliest works on kidney d…
1851
#5338.1
Beobachtungen über Trichina spiralis in Betriff der Uebertragung der Eingeweidewürmer.
Herbst was the first to demonstrate that an animal eating trichinous flesh would thereby develop trichinae in its own muscles. English translation of part I in Kean (No. 2268.1).
1851
#5600
De l’influence de la position dans les maladies chirurgicales.
1851 –1854
#5601
Klinische Chirurgie. 3 pts.
Pirogov is considered the greatest Russian surgeon and one of the greatest military surgeons of all time. He was among the first in Europe to employ ether anesthesia. He served in the Crimean campaign and was responsi…
1851 –1856
#5865
Die Krankheiten des Auges. 3 vols.
Arlt described granular conjunctivitis (“Arlt’s trachoma”) and an operation for transplantation of the ciliary bulbs in the treatment of distichiasis.
1851
#5866
Beschreibung eines Augen-Spiegels zur Untersuchung der Netzhaut im lebenden Auge.
Invention of the ophthalmoscope, one of the greatest events in the history of ophthalmology. English translation by T. H. Shastid, Chicago, Cleveland Press, 1916.
1851
#6038
A table of all the known operations of ovariotomy. From 1701-1851.
Atlee is said to have performed ovariotomy 387 times; with his brother John he firmly established the operation in the U.S.A.
1851
#6178
Leçons sur l’hématocèle rétro-utérine.
Classic description of pelvic hematocele.
1851
#6259
Das enge Becken: nach eigenen Beobachtungen und Untersuchungen.
First important work dealing with pelvic deformities since the time of van Deventer. It is a pioneer work in the literature dealing with pelvic architecture; Michaelis was one of the first to differentiate between the…
1851 –1876
#31
Oeuvres d’Oribase, texte grec, en grande partie inédit…traduit pour la première fois en français; par les Drs. Bussemaker et Daremberg. 6 vols.
Oribasius was a compiler of existing knowledge rather than an original writer. His output was immense; he compiled the Synagoge, an encyclopedic digest of medicine, hygiene, therapeutics, and surgery from Hippocrates …
1851
#114
Grundzüge der Anatomie und Physiologie der vegetabilischen Zelle. In: Rudolph Wagner’s Handwörterbuch der Physiologie.
Von Mohl saw and described cell division. English translation, London, 1852.
1851
#4530
De la transmission croisée des impressions sensitives par la moëlle épinière.
“Brown-Séquard’s paralysis”. Lesion of one lateral half of the spinal cord causes paralysis of motion on one side and of sensation on the other. See also the writer’s later paper on pp. 70-73 of the same volume.
1851
#6965
Traité pratique des maladies cancéreuses et des affections curables confondues avec le cancer.
Lebert studied cancer cells under high magnification to discover the specific elements distinguishing them from normal cells. He classified tumors as either homeomorphous (composed of elements analogous to those of th…
1851
#7872
Vergleichende Untersuchungen der Keimung, Entfaltung und Fruchtbildung höherer Kryptogamen (Moose, Farrn, Equisetaceen, Rhizocarpeen und Lycopodiaceen) und der Samenbildung der Coniferen.
Hofmeister described the process of fertilization in non-flowering plants as an alternation of sexual and asexual generations in the mosses, ferns, horsetails and liverworts. He showed that asexual generation propagat…
1851
#8942
Die metallurgischen Krankheiten des Oberharzes.
Brockmann's book on the pulmonary disease of miners, including black lung disease, was first book on occupational health published in Germany. Brockmann published a preliminary paper on the subject in 1845. Digital fa…
1851
#9068
Catalogus plantarum horti botanici medicocirurgicae Scholae Olisponensis anno MDCCCLII.
Lists 1,863 plants in the botanical garden at the Escola Medico-Cirurgica of Lisbon, arranged by genus and species according to Decandolle’s classification. The authors note in which part of Europe, India, the America…
1851
#9166
The scale of medicines with which merchant vessels are to be furnished ... with observations on the means of preserving the health and increasing the comforts of merchant seamen.
Digital facsimile of the second edition (1861) from Google Books at this link.
1851
#9515
Früchte aus dem Morgenlande oder Reise-Erlebnisse. Nebst naturhistorisch-medicinischen Erfahrungen, einigen hundert erprobten Arzneimitteln und einer neuen Heilart dem Medial-Systeme. Mit vierzig lithographirten Tafeln: Porträte, Pflanzenabbildungen, sonstige Natur- und Kunstprodukte, Facsimile, Landkarte und Ansicht der Citadelle von Lahor; endlich als Anhang ein medizinisches Wörterbuch in mehreren europäischen und orientalischen Sprachen.
Digital facsimile from the Biodiversity Heritage Library at this link. Translated into English (1852) as Thirty-five years in the East. Adventures, discoveries, experiments, and historical sketches, relating to the Pu…
1851
#9577
Études historiques et critiques sur les médecins numismatistes: Contenant leur biographie et l'analyse de leurs écrits.
Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.
1851
#10102
History of medical education and institutions in the United States: From the first settlement of the British colonies to the year 1850; with a chapter on the present condition and wants of the profession, and the means necessary for supplying those wants, and elevating the character and extending the usefulness of the whole profession.
Davis instrumental in the establishment of the American Medical Association and was twice elected its president. He became the first editor of the Journal of the American Medical Association. He was a founder of the C…
1851
#10416
Ladies' indispensable assistant: Being a companion for the sister, mother, and wife ... Here are the very best directions for the behavior and etiquette of ladies and gentlemen ... ; also, safe directions for the management of children ... a great variety of valuable recipes, forming a complete system of family medicine ... : to which is added one of the best systems of cookery ever published ....
In spite of the verbose title, the Table of Contents of this work indicates that roughly the first half of the book concerns home remedies for the widest range of complaints and illnesses, and medical properties of pl…
1851
#10748
Entwicklungsgeschichte der Seele der Kindes.
Digital facsimile from Bayerische StaatsBibliothek at this link.
1851
#11622
Notices of ancient Roman medicine-stamps, &c., found in Great Britain.
Digital facsimile of the first part from PubMedCentral at this link, and of the second part at this link. Concluded with Simpson's "General observations on the Roman medicine-stamps found in Great Britain," Mon. J. Me…
1851
#11754
A practical treatise on the treatment of the diseases of the elephant, camel, and horned cattle, with instructions for preserving their efficiency.
1851
#12086
Observations on the medical topography and diseases (especially diarrhoea) of the Sacramento Valley, California, during the Years 1849, 1850.
Stillman was personal physician to Leland Stanford, the first governor of California, and was a partner of railroad magnate Mark Hopkins from their days on board a ship to California in 1849. Stillman was also co-foun…
1851
#12285
Methode für den Unterricht der Taub-Stummen in der Laut-Sprache im Rechnen und in der Religion. Verfasst von …. Gezeichnet von Ant. Jarisch.
An illustrated manual of sign language for the deaf and dumb specifically for education in mathematics and religion. The book has a particularly distinctive title page. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1851
#12424
The Mesmeric mania of 1851, with a physiological explanation of the phenomena produced. A lecture.
Bennett provided a scientific explanation for then current mass hysteria or group hypnosis in Edinburgh. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1851
#12872
Die Zahnheilkunde nach ihrem neuesten Standpunkte. Ein Lehrbuch fur Zahnarzte und Aerzte.
Pages 343-480 concern the history and literature of dentistry from ancient Egypt to the time of publication. This was Joseph Linderer's final book form publication. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.
1851
#13302
Surgical anatomy.
"The drawings of Maclise for Quain's Anatomy of the arteries and for his own Surgical anatomy are indeed done, as Quain wrote, with spirit and effect. These figures of anatomical dissection seem lifelike; in many plat…
1851
#13313
Quan ti xin lun [New Treatise Concerning the Whole Body.]
The earliest treatise on Western medicine published in Chinese for the use of Chinese medical staff. The work primarily concerns anatomy and physiology, with most illustrations derived from Cheselden's Anatomy of the …
1851
#14130
Traité complet des maladies vénériennes. Clinique iconographique de l'Hôpital des vénériens. Recueil d'observations, suivies de considérations pratiques sur les maladies qui ont été traitées dans cet hôpital.
Ricord's extensive work with veneral diseases at the Hopital du Midi includes 66 hand-colored ithographs illustrating a multitude of conditions at various levels of infection in both sexes. The illustrations were draw…
1852 –1859
#49
Collectio Salernitana: Ossia documenti inediti, e trattati di medicina appartenenti alla scuola medica Salernitana, raccolti ed illustrati da G.E.T Henschel, C. Daremberg, E.S. deRenzi; premessa la storia della scuola e publicati a cura di Salvatore de Renzi. 5 vols.
The School of Medicine at Salerno dispelled the stagnation of medicine which had persisted throughout the early Middle Ages. Its masters were the first medieval physicians to cultivate medicine as an independent scien…
1852
#4461
Resection of the head of the femur.
First excision of the hip-joint in America. Unfortunately the one-page article provides no details.
1852
#546
Handbuch der Gewebelehre des Menschen.
Isolation of smooth muscle.
1852
#811
Ueber functionell verschiedene und räumlich getrennte Nervencentra im Froschherzen.
Discovery of the ganglion cells at the auriculo-ventricular junction, “Bidder’s ganglion”.
1852
#812
Zwei Reihen physiologischer Versuche.
Stannius initiated research on the physiology of the conduction system of the heart. He illustrated vagal inhibition of the heart beat and indicated the existence of the pacemaker of the heart. Stannius also showed th…
1852
#999
Die Verdauungssäfte und der Stoffwechsel.
Even after the work of Prout and Beaumont, some physiologists thought that the free acid of the gastric juice was lactic acid; Bidder and Schmidt finally proved that normally the gastric juice always contains HCl in e…
1852
#866
Ueber das Milzvenenblut.
Discovery of hemoglobin. (Title of second paper: Neue Beobachtungen tiber die Krystalle des Milzvenen – und Fisch-Blutes).
1852
#867
Neue Methode der quantitativen mikroskopischen Analyse des Blutes.
Vierordt was the first to devise an exact method of enumerating the red blood corpuscles. See also his later paper: Zählungen der Blutkörperchen des Menschen, in the same volume, pp. 326-31.
1852
#415
A manual of artistic anatomy.
Knox, remembered because of his indiscreet association with the Edinburgh “resurrectionists”, was one of the best teachers of anatomy during the 19th century.
1852 –1859
#416
Anatome topographica sectionibus per corpus humanum congelatum triplici directione ductis illustrata. 8 pts.
Pirogov was the greatest of Russian surgeons. He introduced the teaching of applied topographical anatomy in Russia. His atlas of 220 plates represents the first use on a grand scale of frozen sections in anatomical i…
1852
#440
Geschichte und Bibliographie der anatomischen Abbildung.
In this classic work Choulant traced the evolution of anatomical illustration from the early schematic plates up to his own time, including a valuable bibliography. Reprinted, Wiesbaden, 1974. An English translation b…
1852
#1126.1
On the anatomy of the Indian rhinoceros (Rh. unicornis L.).
Owen was the first to describe the parathyroids, which he observed in his dissection of a Great Indian Rhinoceros that had lived at the Zoological Society of London from 1834 to 1849. See B. Modarai, A. Sawyer, & H. E…
1852 –1853
#4734
Sur la paralysie musculaire, progressive, atrophique.
“Cruveilhier’s palsy”, the progressive muscular atrophy already described by Duchenne and Aran. The slimness of the anterior roots was first noticed by Cruveilhier and was thought to be the essential lesion until Luys…