Facets

1529

#1959.1

Caelii Aureliani Siccensis Tardarum passionum libri V. D. Oribasii Sardi Iuliani Caesaris archiatri Euporiston lib: III. Medicinae comperi: lib: 1. Curationum lib: 1. Trochiscoru confect: lib: 1.

From a clinical point of view, the two works of Caelius Aurelianus, which were translated into Latin from Greek originals by Soranus of Ephesus that were later lost, represent the high-point of Graeco-Roman medical ac…

1536

#1536

Liber introductorius anatomiae sive dissectionis corporis humani; in quo quam plurima membra, operationes, & utilitates tam ab antiquis, quam a modernis praetermissa manifestantur.

A practical manual for dissection, showing how to carry out an anatomy from the first incision onwards. Massa based his work on his experience gained from numerous dissections that he had undertaken in the hospital of…

1549

#8931

Dialogus de re medica compendiaria ratione, præter quædam alia, universam Anatomen humani corporis perstringens, summè necessarius omnibus Medicinæ canditatis.

The first Spanish medical book based on the writings of Vesalius, written by Vesalius’s student Pedro Jimeno, whose activities “constituted the cornerstone of the Valencian School of Anatomy and the Spanish Vesalian m…

1561

#1208

Observationes anatomicae.

Observationes anatomicae, a work of 232 leaves printed in the comparatively small octavo format, with no illustrations, was the only work Fallopio published before his death from tuberculosis at age thirty-nine, and i…

1563 –1564

#1093

Opuscula anatomica.

Eustachius is credited with several anatomical discoveries, among them the tensor tympani muscle and the Eustachian tube, published in his chapter entitled De auditus organis. In the last respect, however, he was anti…

1572 –1573

#1539

Externarum et internarum principalium humani corporis partium tabulae.

Coiter made several important contributions to the study of human anatomy, and was the first to elevate comparative anatomy to the rank of an independent branch of biology. His Externarum et internarum principalium hu…

1577

#7990

De arte medica infantium libri quatuor. Quorum duo Priores de tuenda eorum sanitate, posteriores de curandis morbis agunt.

An early illustrated work on pediatrics. The three parts of his book deal with the management of the nurse and her milk, the care and feeding of the new-born, and diseases of children, including skin diseases, and cha…

1590

#3343

De compositione medicamentorum; De morbis oculorum, & aurium….

The De oculorum et aurium represents the first “clinical” manual on diseases of the ear. Mercuriali was primarily concerned with treatment.

1597

#3244

De vitiis vocis, libri duo.

First treatise devoted solely to diseases of the larynx. (See also No. 1718.)

1600 –1601

#1540

De vocis auditusque organis historia anatomica. 2 pts.

Casseri, originally a servant to Fabrizio, was personally trained by his employer and eventually succeeded to Fabrizio’s chair of anatomy. Like Fabrizio, who studied the development of the chick for clues to human emb…

1603

#1541

In Galeni librum de ossibus.

Ingrassia is by some accredited with the discovery of the stapes; he also observed the sound-conducting capacity of the teeth.

1603

#3343.1

Opera omnia quinque sectionibus comprehensa.

Demonstration (Cap. I, p. 587-91) that some people who cannot hear by air conduction can do so by bone conduction.

1616

#3344

L’arte de’ cenni, con quale, formandosi favella visible, si tratta della muta eloquenza.

Bonifacio’s sign-language for the deaf and dumb employed almost every part of the body for conversational purposes.

1620

#3244.1

Question chirurgicale par laquelle il est demonstré que le chirurgien doit assurément practiquer l’opération de la bronchotomie, vulgairement dicte Laryngotomie ou perforation de la fluste tuyau du polmon.

Four successful cases. Scott Stevenson and Guthrie (see No. 3342) state that Brasavola performed laryngotomy (in 1546) and that Sanctorius also did so.

1620

#3345

Reduction de las letras, y arte para enseñar a ablar los mudos.

Bonet put into practice the “combined” system of teaching the deaf to speak and the dumb to communicate with others. He showed how the deaf could be taught to speak by reducing the letters to their phonetic value, and…

1644

#3346

Chironomia: or, the art of manuall rhetorique.

1644

#3347

Chirologia; or the naturall language of the hand. Composed of the speaking motions, and discoursing gestures thereof. Whereunto is added Chironomia: or, the art of manuall rhetoricke.

Bulwer was the first Englishman to write about the teaching of deaf-mutes. "Chirologia is often cited as Bulwer’s link to later Deaf studies because it focuses on hand gestures [15] which have come to be seen as the d…

1644

#11581

Two treatises in the one of which the nature of bodies, in the other, the nature of mans soule is looked into in way of discovery of the immortality of reasonable soules.

"Digby's Two Treatises was intended to prove the immortality of the rational soul and its distinction from the material body, a dualistic view shared by many of his contemporaries. the work is noteworthy on several co…

1645

#1542

Nova auris internae delineatio.

An article which announces the discovery of the long process of the malleus. Folius “accurately discussed the general configuration of the middle ear, described the round and oval windows, delineated the three ossicle…

1648

#7230

Philocophus: or the deafe and dumbe mans friend.

"Bulmer promoted what we would call today 'central nervous system plasticity,' in describing how one sense could take over the duties of another. This is well illustrated in the frontispiece of this work, which is the…

1653

#3348

Grammatica linguae anglicae. Cui praefigitur, de loquela sive sonorum formatione tractatus grammatico-physicus.

Wallis, a prominent teacher of deaf-mutes, classified the various sounds of the human voice. He taught by writing and gesture. He was Savilian Professor of Mathematics at Oxford.

1655

#1452

Dissertatio de osse cribriformi, et sensu ac organo odoratus et morbis ad utrumque spectantibus, de coryza, hemorrhagia narium, polypo, sternutatione, amissione odoratus.

“Schneider’s membrane”, the pituitary membrane of the nasal chamber and sinuses.

1660 –1662

#3245

Liber primus [-liber quintus et ultimus] de catarrhis. 6 vols.

Schneider put an end to the idea that nasal mucus originated in the pituitary. He demonstrated anatomically and clinically that the mucous membrane lining the nose (“Schneider’s membrane”) is the source of nasal disch…

1662

#1543

Observationes anatomicae, quibus varia oris, oculorum & narium vas describuntur novique salivae, lacrymarum & muci fontes deteguntur.

Includes the first account of the excretory duct of the parotid gland (“Stensen’s duct”), discovered by Stensen. He first reported his discovery in a letter to his teacher, Thomas Bartholin, dated April, 22, 1661. Ste…

1667

#13236

Aphabeti verè naturalis Hebraici brevissima delineatio.

A work on the teaching of lip-reading and speaking to deaf-mutes based on the notion that letter-forms of the Hebrew alphabet resembled in profile the positions of the tongue required to produce their corresponding so…

1669

#3349

Elements of speech, an essay of inquiry into the natural production of letters; with an appendix concerning persons deaf and dumb.

Includes a section on the education of deaf-mutes. Paracusis is described in the Appendix, p. 166.

1670

#3246

Dissertatio de origine catarrhi in qua ostenditur illum non provenire a cerebro. IN: Tractatus de corde, pp. 221-39.

With Schneider, Lower overthrew the idea that nasal mucus originated in the brain. This discovery localized nasal catarrh in the air passages and put an end to the use of many recipes for “purging the brain”. The Diss…

1672

#1544

De anima brutorum

Chap. XIV is devoted to the sense of hearing; in it Willis described the “paracusis of Willis” (p. 73). English translation, 1683. A probable description of myasthenia gravis is given in Pars. 2, Cap. IX. In Pars 2, C…

1680

#3350

Didascalocophus or the deaf and dumb mans tutor, to which is added a discourse of the nature and number of double consonants: both which tracts being the first (for what the author knows) that have been published upon either of the subjects.

Dalgarno considered that the deaf had an advantage over the blind in opportunities of learning languages. He invented an alphabet for the use of deaf-mutes.

1683

#1545

Traité de l’organe de l’ouie; contenant la structure, les usages et les maladies de toutes les parties de l’oreille.

The first scientific account of the structure, function and diseases of the ear. Du Verney showed that the bony external meatus develops from the tympanic ring and that the mastoid air cells communicate with the tympa…

1684

#1545.1

De auditu liber unus.

An early account of the anatomy, physics and physiology of hearing, preceded by a historical summary of earlier work.

1692

#3352

Surdus loquens; seu, methodus, quâ qui surdus natus est loqui descere possit.

English translation, 1694, by John Wallis (see No. 3348).

1700

#3353

Dissertatio de loquela, qua non solum vox humana, & loquendi artificium ex originibus suis erruunter.

Amman’s method of instructing deaf-mutes. He was one of the most successful of all teachers in this sphere. English translation as A dissertation on speech. To which not only the human voice and the art of speaking ar…

1704

#1546

De aure humana tractatus.

Valsalva, a pupil of Malpighi and teacher of Morgagni, is best remembered for his work upon the ear, in which he described and depicted its most minute muscles and nerves. He divided the ear into “external”, “middle”,…

1707

#3670.1

Anthropologia nova; or, a new system of anatomy. Describing the animal oeconomy, and a short rationale of many distempers incident to human bodies.

In his preface Drake credited the surgeon, anatomist and artist, William Cowper, for valuable aid in both the text and illustrations this work. Drake also included a chapter, "Of the Nose" written by Cowper which desc…

1724

#3354

Instrument pour seringuer la trompe d’Eustache par la bouche.

Guyot, postmaster at Versailles, also physician, cartographer, inventor, etc., was the first to attempt catheterization of the Eustachian tube. This he did by way of the mouth.

1734 –1735

#1547

Tractatus quatuor anatomici de aure humana. Tractatus quintus anatomicus de aure humana. Cui accedit tractatus sextus de aure monstri humani.

Important tracts on the anatomy and physiology of the ear. Cassebohm’s studies of the embryonic ear far surpassed his predecessors, including Valsalva and Morgagni, and were not themselves surpassed until the work of …

1740

#803

Opera.

Valsalva described the aortic “sinus of Valsalva”.

1742

#1548

Dissertatio medica de auditu in genere et de illo que fit per os in specie.

Pyl was the first (page 20) to record the labyrinthine fluid and to discuss its rôle in the transmission of sound.

1743

#3248

Sur une bronchotomie faite avec succès.

Virgili is said to have performed successful tracheotomy at Cadiz, for quinsy (peritonsillar abscess)

1744

#3355

Instruments proposed to remedy some kinds of deafness proceeding from obstructions in the external and internal auditory passages.

Cleland, an army surgeon, devised the method of catheterization of the Eustachian tube by way of the nose; he designed the instruments necessary for the operation.

1752

#11719

Sendschreiben von den Wirkungen des Kafeetranks.

Discussing the consumption and reception of coffee from Britain to Turkey, Knoll dismissed criticisms of coffee, including that it reduced beauty and virility, or that it was contrary to Islam, instead promoting the m…

1756

#3356

A method proposed to restore the hearing, when injured from an obstruction of the tuba Eustachiana.

Wathen condemned Guyot’s method of Eustachian catheterization, and suggested a method of relieving catarrhal deafness by means of injections into the Eustachian tube through a catheter passed into the nose. Wathen was…

1761

#1549

De aquaeductibus auris humanae intemae.

Cotugno is sometimes accredited with the discovery of the “liquor Cotunnii”, the labyrinthine fluid, first noted by Pyl in 1742. He did, however, make important contributions to the knowledge on the structure and func…

1767

#3249

Recherches sur les différens moyens de traiter les maladies des sinus maxillaires, et sur les avantages qu’il y a, dans certains cas, d’injecter des sinus par le nez.

Jourdain reported a method of washing out the antrum of Highmore through the natural opening.

1768

#4851

Opuscules de chirurgie. Pt. 1.

Records, p. 161, a successful operation for temporo-sphenoidal abscess, 1752. The patient, a monk, had otorrhoea followed by a mastoid abscess, which Morand opened.

1772

#1550

De structura fenestrae rotundae auris, et de tympano secundario anatomicae observationes.

Scarpa’s first scientific work, a comparative anatomical investigation of the ear, in which he offered a more accurate and complete description of the osseous labyrinth and demonstrated the true function of the round …

1774

#3357

Traité des maladies chirurgicales et des opérations qui leur conviennent. 3 vols.

Records (Vol, 1, pp. 153, 160) the first successful operation for mastoiditis, performed by Petit in 1736. “Petit’s hernia” and “triangle” described (vol. 2, pp. 256-58). (See also No. 3357.) A lumbar hernia had previ…

1776

#3358

Institution des sourds et muets, par la voie des signes méthodiques.

Includes a reprint of the author’s Institution des sourds et muets; ou, recueil des exercices. Paris, 1774.

1778

#1551

Dissertations sur l’organe de l’ouie. 1. De l’homme. 2. Des reptiles. 3. Des poissons.