1950–1959
579 entries with publication dates in this decade.
1954
#11887
Protection afforded by sickle-cell trait against subtertian malarial infection.
Allison was the first to connect a hereditary disease (sickle cell disease) to an infectious disease (malaria). He proved that heterozygous and homozygous individuals to the sickle cell trait or disease respectively s…
1954
#11916
First pharmacopeia in man's recorded history.
The most ancient testimony concerning the opium poppy found to date was inscribed in cuneiform script on a small white clay tablet at the end of the third millennium BC. This tablet was discovered in 1954 during excav…
1954
#12968
The anaesthetist's viewpoint on the treatment of respiratory complications in poliomyelitis during the epidemic in Copenhagen, 1952.
Ibsen developed the first Intensive Care Unit (ICU) during the polio epidemic in Copenhagen in 1952, formally setting up the unit in 1953 in a converted student nurse classroom in the Municipal Hospital in Copenhagen.…
1954
#13994
Induction spontanée du développement du bactériophage lambda au cours de la recombinaison génétique, chez Escherichia coli K 12.
Wollman and Jacob discovered zygotic induction. This occurs when a bacterial cell carrying the silenced DNA of a bacteriophage transfers the viral DNA along with its own DNA in its chromosome to another bacterial cell…
1954
#14000
Plaque formation and isolation of pure lines with poliomyelitis viruses.
Dulbecco and Vogt were the first to successfully grow the poliovirus in vitro. They were also able to plaque purify it-- an essential step for subsequent vaccine production.
1954
#14223
The structure of haemoglobin - IV. Sign determination by the isomorphous replacement method.
The first demonstration of isomorphous replacement in protein crystallography. This was a key step in determination of the structure of large biological molecules. Harittai, "On the origins of isomorphous replacement …
1954
#14243
In vitro experiments on the effects of mouse sarcomas 180 and 37 on the spinal and sympathetic ganglia of the chick embryo.
Discovery of nerve growth factor (NGF). Order of authorship in the original publication: Levi-Montalcini, Meyer, Hamburger. In 1986 Levi-Montalcini was awarded half of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and St…
1955
#566.4
Tissue fractionation studies. 6. Intracellular distribution patterns of enzymes in rat-liver tissue.
Lysosomes. With B. C. Pressman, R. Gianetto, R. Wattiaux and F. Appelmans.
1955
#4672.3
Immunization of chimpanzees and human beings with avirulent strains of poliomyelitis virus.
Sabin reported the successful immunization of chimpanzees by oral and I.M. route using the Brunhilde, Mahoney and Leon strains of polio virus. On p. 1055 he reported the experimental results on humans given a "single …
1955
#4771.1
Eine neue x-chromosomale Muskeldystrophie.
Becker-type muscular dystrophy.
1955
#752.3
Enzymatic synthesis of nucleic acidlike polynucleotides.
Ochoa shared the Nobel Prize with Arthur Kornberg in 1959 for their artificial synthesis of nucleic acids by means of enzymes. Order of authorship in the original publication: Ochoa, Grunberg-Manago, Ortiz. See also O…
1955
#1207
The disulphide bonds of insulin.
Sanger sequenced the amino acids of insulin, the first of any protein. His work “revealed that a protein has a definite constant, genetically determined sequence—and yet a sequence with no general rule for its assembl…
1955
#2137.01
The diseases of occupations.
A classic textbook on the subject with valuable historical chapters and references. Hunter put the text through six editions to 1978. The work was rewritten as Hunter’s Diseases of occupations, ed. by P.A.B. Raffle, W…
1955
#1947.1
Cephalosporin C, a new antibiotic containing sulpher and d-x aminoadipic acid.
1955 –1956
#1947.2
Amphotericins A and B, antifungal antibiotics produced by a streptomycete.
With six co-authors.
1955
#2360
Historical chronology of tuberculosis. 2nd ed.
1955
#2660.8
Carcinolytic action of antibiotics: puromycin and actinomycin.
1955
#2527
Reconstitution of active tobacco mosaic virus from its inactive protein and nucleic acid components.
First reconstitution of a virus.
1955
#2527.1
Crystallization of purified MEF-1 poliomyelitis virus particles.
First crystallization of an animal virus.
1955
#3047.7
Controlled cross circulation for direct-vision intracardiac surgery; correction of ventricular septal defects, atrioventricularis communis, and tetralogy of Fallot.
Controlled cross circulation (human heart–lung “machine”) for intracardiac surgery.
1955
#3108.6
Clinical trials of p-(DI-2-chloroethylamino)-phenylbutyric acid (CB 1348) in malignant lymphoma.
Clinical use of chlorambucil for chronic lymphatic leukemia. With L. G. Israels, J. D. N. Nabarro, and M. Till.
1955
#3558.2
Primary peptic ulcerations of the jejunum associated with islet cell tumors of the pancreas.
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.
1955
#2578.16
The fractionation of rabbit -globulin by partition chromatography.
Preliminary note in Biochem. J., 1954, 58, xxxix-xl. Porter received the Nobel Prize in 1972. See No. 2578.25.
1955
#2883.1
The significance of the serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activity following acute myocardial infarction.
Diagnostic test for myocardial infarction.
1955
#2700.2
Cineradiography with an image amplifier: a practical technique.
Electron optical image intensifier, 1953.
1955
#3978.1
Ein neues antidiabetisches Prinzip. Ergebnisse klinischer Untersuchungen.
Introduction of carbutamide (BZ55), the first of the sulphonylureas. It was followed by tolbutamide and chlorpropamide.
1955
#3666.1
A note on transplantation of the whole liver in dogs.
Placement of auxiliary whole liver.
1955
#3877.1
Primary aldosteronism, a new clinical syndrome.
Primary aldosteronism (“Conn’s syndrome”).
1955
#4256.3
Experiences with renal homotransplantation in the human. Report of nine cases.
With Benjamin F. Miller. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link.
1955
#2993.2
Total excision of the aortic arch for aneurysm.
Total excision and replacement by polyvinyl sponge (Ivalon) prosthesis.
1955
#5500.1
Vergleichende sero-immunologische Untersuchungen über die Viren der Influenza und klassischen Geflügelpest.
Schäfer showed the close serological relationship between human influenza viruses and their avian counterparts and suggested that members of this group might change their host specificity.
1955
#5546.3
Propagation and primary isolation of mumps virus in tissue culture.
1955 –1960
#5551.1
The surgery of Theodoric ca. 1267. Translated from the Latin by Eldridge Campbell and James Colton. 2 vols.
Theodoric, a Dominican friar, was a pupil of Hugh of Lucca (circa 1160-1257), whose teachings are reflected in his writings. Allbutt considered Theodoric to be one of the most original surgeons of all time. Borgognoni…
1955
#6548
The Royal Society of Medicine: The realization of an ideal (1805-1955).
1955
#6786.1
Bibliotheca Walleriana. The books illustrating the history of medicine and science and bequeathed to the library of the Royal University of Uppsala. 2 vols.
Details 23,000 printed items, including 150 incunabula. The catalogue does not include Erik Waller’s vast collection of autographs and manuscripts also preserved in Uppsala.
1955 –1970
#6581.2
Bibliographia medica Croatica. Hrvatska medicinska bibliografija. 2 vols.
Croatian medical, pharmaceutical and veterinary bibliography; Dio 1, Sr. I, 1470-1875; Sr. II, 1875-1918.
1955
#6604.6
An annotated bibliography of the history of medicine in Australia.
Revised and enlarged as An annotated bibliography of the history of medicine and health in Australia. Sydney, Royal Australian College of Physicians, 1984. With A. Holster and S. Simpson.
1955
#5264.3
Man’s mastery of malaria.
Heath Clark Lectures, 1953.
1955
#6928
The crystal structure of the hexacarboxylic acid derived from B12 and the molecular structure of the vitamin.
The final structure of vitamin B12. With J. Pickworth, J.H. Robertson, K.N. Trueblood, R.J. Prosen, J. G. White. In 1964 Hodgkin was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for her determinations by X-ray techniques of …
1955
#7757
The serum lipoprotein transport system in health, metabolic disorders, atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease.
Gofman, a nuclear and physical chemist as well as a physician, has been called the "father of clinical lipidology." He discovered and described the major classes of plasma lipoproteins: intermediate-density lipoprotei…
1955
#7913
VESALIUS: Official Journal of the International Society for the History of Medicine. 1-
Past issues may be viewed at: http://www.vesalius.org.uk/issues/past-issues.
1955
#8329
Asclepiades, his life and writings: A translation of Cocchi's life of Asclepiades and Gumpert's fragments of Asclepiades, by Robert Montraville Green.
Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.
1955
#8391
The Ramesseum papyri. Edited by Sir Alan Gardiner. 2 vols.
A collection of ancient Egyptian medical documents from the early 18th century BCE, found in the temple of the Ramesseum. As with most ancient Egyptian medical papyri, these documents mainly concern ailments, diseases…
1955
#8873
Textes Grecs inédits relatifs aux plantes.
Previously unpublished ancient Greek textes on botany, with French translations.
1955
#9027
The Pan American Saintary Bureau: Half a century of health activities 1902-1954.
Digital facsimile from the Pan American Health Organization at this link.
1955
#9037
Biographical memoirs of fellows of the Royal Society.
http://rsbm.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/by/year/royobits "November 1955 "Obituaries of Royal Society Fellows first appeared in 1830, in Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Initially obituaries were read…
1955
#9103
A study of abortion in primitive societies. A typological, distributional, and dynamic analysis of the prevention of birth in 400 preindustrial societies.
1955 –1969
#9221
Medical Department, United States Army. Preventive medicine in World War II. Editor in chief John Boyd Coates, Jr. Editor for Preventive medicine Ebbe Curtis Hoff. 9 vols.
Digital facsimile of vols. 2-9 from the Hathi Trust at this link. (When I created this entry in March 2017 it was unclear whether vol. 1 was ever published.)
1955
#9222
Medical Department, United States Army. United States Army Dental Service in World War II.
Digital text from U.S. Army Medical Department Office of Medical History at this link.
1955
#9420
A short history of medicine.
Revised and expanded edition with a Foreward and Concluding Essay by Charles Rosenberg (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2016).