Facets

1867

#3378.2

Ueber eine neue Methode zur Untersuchung des Gehörorgans zu physiologischen und diagnostischen Zwecken mit Hülfe des Interferenz Otoscopes.

Lucae described an interference otoscope, precursor of auditory impedance devices.

1867

#5668

Description of a new apparatus for administering narcotic vapors.

Junker’s chloroform inhaler.

1867

#5901

Sur un nouvel instrument pour la détermination de l’astigmatisme.

Javal invented the astigmometer, and described it in the above paper.

1867

#9869

Prize essay. Ancient transfusion and infusion compared with modern transfusion, infusion, and hypodermic or subcutaneous injections. Translated by Charles F. Wittig.

A comprehensive review, for the time, of the historical literature on these subjects. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1867

#10718

Mechanical therapeutics. A practical treatise on surgical apparatus, appliances, and elementary operations; embracing bandaging, minor surgery, orthopraxy, and the treatment of fractures and dislocations.

Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.

1867

#11641

Catalogue and report of obstetrical and other instruments exhibited at the Conversazione of the Obstetrical Society of London...held, by permission, at the Royal College of Physicians, March 28th, 1866.

“ A key reference source for mid-19th century [obstetrical] instruments. Many of these instruments became incorporated into the Museum of the Obstetrical Society of London, the contents of which became the property of…

1867 –1872

#14321

Arsenal de la chirurgie contemporaine. Description, mode d'emploi et appréciation des appareils et instruments en usage pour le diagnostic et le traitement des maladies chirurgicales, l'orthopédie, la prothèse, les opérations simples, générales, spéciales et obstétricales. 2 vols.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1868

#819.1

Über den zeitlichen Verlauf der negativen Schwankung des Nervenstroms.

Bernstein introduced the differential rheotome, and the first electrocardiograms were obtained with it by Marchand in 1877 (No. 823.1).

1868

#779

Die Ausmessung der strömenden Blutvolumina.

Invention of the Stromuhr, for measurement of the velocity of the blood. Dogiel was a pupil of Ludwig.

1868

#2677

Das Verhalten der Eigenwärme in Krankheiten.

This work on temperature in disease laid the foundation of modern knowledge regarding clinical thermometry. Wunderlich reportedly took over a million measurements from 25,000 people. Temperatures ranged from 97.2 to 9…

1869

#5610

Collezione della memorie chirurgiche ed ostetriche. 2 vols.

Rizzoli was Professor of Surgery at Bologna and an outstanding operative surgeon. He introduced a compressor for aneurysms, a tracheotome, cystotome, lithotrite, enterotome, osteoclast, and performed acupressure as ea…

1870

#2679

Medical thermometry.

Allbutt introduced the modern clinical thermometer.

1871

#11545

On the use of the ophthalmoscope in diseases of the nervous system and of the kidneys; also in certain other general disorders.

One of the earliest works on the wider appications of the ophthalmoscope. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1873

#876

De la numération des globules rouges du sang I. Des méthodes de numération. II. De la richesse du sang en globules rouges dans les différentes parties de l'arbre circulatoire.

The beginning of blood-counting techniques. In his thesis Malassez provided the initial description of the hemocytometer, which he invented, but which was named by Gowers, who modified it in 1877. The trade issue of t…

1873

#5671

Description of a new double current inhaler for administering ether.

Clover’s gas-ether inhaler.

1876

#5674

On an apparatus for administering nitrous oxide gas and ether, singly or combined.

Clover’s ether inhaler. See also the same journal, 1877, 1, 69. He invented an inhaler in 1862; this was described, but not by Clover, in Med. Times Gaz., 1862, 2, 149.

1876

#10494

Catalogue of dental materials, furniture, instruments, etc.

White, who characterized himself as "Manufacturer, importer, and wholesale dealer in all articles appertaining to dentistry," was the leading U.S. manufacturer of dental supplies during the 19th century. His 1876 cata…

1877

#823.1

Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Reizwell und Contractionswelle des Herzmuskels.

Marchand obtained the first electrocardiogram. Using the differential rheotome he measured the time course of the potential variations from the frog’s heart.

1877

#3387.1

Ueber einen einheitlichen Hörmesser.

Politzer described an acumeter.

1877

#6192

Description de deux nouveaux forceps.

Tarnier invented the axis-traction forceps. See also Ann. Gynéc., 1877, 7, 241-64

1878

#3387.2

Ueber eine neue Methode der Hörprüfung mit Hülfe elektrischer Ströme.

First audiometer.

1878

#7294

La méthode graphique dans les sciences expérimentales et particulièrement en physiologie et en médecine.

Marey pioneered the use of graphical recording in the experimental sciences, using instruments (many of his own invention) to capture and display data impossible to observe with the senses alone, and to record the pro…

1879 –1880

#824

On the time-relations of the excitatory process in the ventricle of the heart of the frog.

These workers were among the first to study the action currents of the heart, and made the first records (with the capillary electrometer) of the minute electrical current produced by the beating of the heart. See als…

1879

#4175

Eine neue Beobachtungs- und Untersuchungsmethode für Harnröhre, Harnblase und Rectum.

Nitze devised an electrically lighted cystoscope in 1877, which made possible great improvements in the surgery of the bladder.

1879

#5615

Remarks on forcipressure and the use of pressure-forceps in surgery.

Spencer Wells forceps.

1880

#6838

Sulla circolazione del sangue nel cervello dell’uomo. Ricerche sfigmografiche.

In this work Angelo Mosso reported his discovery that blood circulation in the brain increases in certain discrete areas during mental activity, and published the records of this activity produced by the machine he in…

1880

#11721

Die Messung des Pulses und des Blutdrucks am Menschen.

Probably the first book published on the messurement blood pressure in mankind. Mostly concerned with normal physiologic conditions, with a small section on fluctuations in illness. Digital facsimile from Google Books…

1880

#13109

The spectroscope in medicine.

1881

#3475

Ueber Gastroskopie und Oesophagoskopie.

Mikulicz was the first to use the electric oesophagoscope invented by Leiter in 1880. He was among the most distinguished of Billroth’s pupils and contributed much to cancer surgery.

1881

#5920

Un ophtalmomètre pratique.

Javal and Schiötz here describe an ophthalmometer invented by them.

1882

#5922

Neue Instrumente.

Introduction of the keratoscope.

1882

#6283

The Chamberlens and the midwifery forceps.

1883

#8176

Upon the electrical experiments to determine the location of the bullet in the body of the late President Garfield; and upon a successful form of induction balance for the painless detection of metallic masses in the human body.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1884

#10113

La paura.

Mosso conducted experiments with special equipment, which he devised to suit the requirements of the studies. He pursued two main lines of research: the analysis of motor functions and the relationship between physiol…

1885

#5927

Der Electromagnet in der Augenheilkunde.

The introduction of the electromagnet into ophthalmology. A pupil of Helmholtz, Hirschberg was one of the most voluminous writers in the field of ophthalmology. Besides his dictionary (see No. 5932) he wrote a classic…

1885

#13907

Untersuchungen über den Stoffwechsel isolirte Organe. I. Ein Respirationsapparat für isolirte Organe. II. Versuche über den Stoffwechsel des Muskels.

(Part 1 by Frey & Gruber; Part 2 by Frey.) Frey and Gruber developed the first heart-lung machine. Their machine "consisted of a double-acting pump in the form on an injection syringe with a capacity of 10 ml, which i…

1887

#6286

Histoire des accouchements chez tous les peuples.

182-page appendix: "L'arsenal obstétrical", containing numerous illustrations of instruments, at end. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

1889

#2798

Du sphygmomanomètre et de la mésure de la pression artérielle chez l’homme à l’état normale et pathologique.

Potain devised a simple portable air sphygmomanometer for blood-pressure estimation.

1889

#4184

Lehrbuch der Kystoskopie.

Nitze introduced the cystoscope in 1877 (see No. 4175) and in 1889 published his important monograph on cystoscopy.

1889

#5620.1

The American armamentarium chirurgicum.

The most comprehensive trade catalogue of medical and surgical instruments and equipment published in America during the 19th century. Reprinted with introduction by James M. Edmondson and F. Terry Hambrecht, San Fran…

1890

#636

Les lois de la fatigue étudiées dans les muscles de l’homme.

Mosso invented the ergograph from the study of voluntary contraction. The description of the instrument is on pages 124-41 of the above article.

1891

#639

La fatica.

Mosso investigated muscular fatigue with the ergograph of his invention. He showed fatigue to be due to a toxin produced by muscular contraction. English translation, 1906.

1891

#7243

Entsefalometriya mozga cheloveka v otnoshenii k polu, vozrastu i cherepnomu ukazatelyu [in Cyrillic].

In 1889, nearly 20 years before Horsley and Clarke published their paper on the use of stereotaxy to examine the brain, Dmitrii Zernov, a professor of anatomy at Moscow University, invented the first prototype of a st…

1892

#834

Pulsation in the veins, with the description of a method for graphically recording them.

The phlebograph, which developed into the polygraph. With it Mackenzie obtained simultaneous tracings of the pulsations of the jugular vein and radial artery.

1892

#2682.5

The early history of instrumental precision in medicine.

1894

#5682.1

Further observations on the use of oxygen with nitrous oxide.

Includes description of Hewitt’s nitrous oxide/oxygen stopcock.

1895

#1474

Die Physiologie des Geruchs.

For his studies on olfaction and olfactometry Zwaardemaker developed the so-called “camera inodorata” (odorless chamber), or olfactometer. His instrument to check the patency of the nasal passages is still in use.

1895

#2801

Sphygmomanomètre pour mésurer la pression du sang chez l’homme.

A sphygmomanometer for registering the blood-pressure in the finger was invented by Mosso.

1895

#3335

Autoskopie des Larynx und der Trachea. (Laryngoscopia directa, Euthyskopie, Besichtigung ohne Spiegel.)

First direct-vision laryngoscope.

1896

#2804

Un nuovo sfigmomanometro.

Riva-Rocci’s sphygmomanometer marked the end of the search for a simple clinical method of estimating the blood-pressure. Abridged English translation in Ruskin (No. 3160.1).