Facets

1803

#13611

Observations et réflexions sur le scorbut, d'après celui qui a régné parmi les troupes françaises formant la garnison d'Alexandrie (en Egypte), pendant le Blocus et le Siége de cette ville, en l'an IX (1801), par les Armées combinées des Turcs et des Anglais.

The author was a military surgeon on Napoleon's Egyptian campaign. Digital facsimile from BnF Gallica at this link. (32pp.)

1805

#12483

Travels in Europe, Asia Minor, and Arabia.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1805

#12993

Essai historique et littéraire sur la médecine des Arabes.

The first European history of Arab or Islamic medicine. Amoreux was professor in the faculty of medicine in Montpellier (an Arabist medical center in the Renaissance), and also the librarian. He stated in the introduc…

1812

#12196

Collection d'opuscules de médecine pratique, avec un mémoire sur le commerce des nègres au Kaire.

Frank was with Napoleon in Egypt; this volume contains numerous reports on aspects of medicine during that campaign. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1815

#7932

Journal of a mission to the interior of Africa, in the year 1805. Together with other documents, official and private, relating to the same mission. To which is prefixed an account of the life of Mr. Park.

Park died in Africa in 1806, as a result of conflicts with native peoples. This volume includes the journal of Isaaco, an African, who served as Mungo Park's guide. Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this …

1817

#8816

Results of an investigation, respecting epidemic and pestilential diseases; including researches in the Levant, concerning the plague. 2 vols.

"From 1815 to 1817 Maclean travelled in Spain, Turkey, and the Levant, and he studied the plague at the Greek Pest Hospital at Constantinople, in the service of the Levant Company. His experiences in the Levant and in…

1818

#13075

Pharmacopoeia Geniki.

The first pharmacopeia printed in Turkey. This was a translation into Greek from Brugnatelli's Farmakopoea ad uso degli Speziali, e Medici Moderni della Repubblica Italiana. The printer in Istanbul was not identified.…

1820

#9696

Hamse-i Şanizade. Miratü'l Ebdan fi Teşrih-i Azaü'l-İnsan [About anatomy]; Usulü't Tabia [Book of physiology]; Miyaru'l-Etibba [Practice of medicine].

This illustrated compendium of anatomy, physiology, and internal medicine was first medical work in Turkish printed by letterpress in the Ottoman Empire. It was also one of the first medical works in Turkish to draw t…

1820

#13116

Mirât ul-abd fi techrīhh azâ il-insân.

The first book on anatomy and medicine printed in Turkish. The title may be translated as Miroir des corps dans l'anatomie des membres de l''homme. The work was primarily derived from European sources and included 56 …

1820

#13927

Hamse-i-Sânizade.

Written in Ottoman Turkish, and printed in Istabul, this was the first illustrated medical book printed in the Muslim world. Digital facsimile from the Bayerische StaatsBibliothek at this link.

1821

#13115

Notice sur le premier ouvrage d'anatomie et de médecine, imprimé en Turc, à Constantinople, en 1820, intitulé Miroir des corps dans l'anatomie de l'homme envoyé et offert par S. Exc. L'Ambassadeur de France près la sublime porte a la Bibliothèque du Roi; Suivie du Catalogue des livres turcs, arabes et persans, imprimés à Contantinople, depuis l'introduction de l'Imprimerie, en 12726-27, jusqu'en 1820.

Bianchi characterized himself on the title page as Adj. Secretarty-Interpreter of the King for Oriental Languages. In this pamphlet he translated parts of the text of Chani-Zadeh and also translated the Table of Conte…

1822

#9071

Memoria sobre a virtude toenifuga da romeira, com observações zoologicas e zoonomicas relativas á toenea, e com huma estampa.

On the use of a root medicine to treat tapeworms, roundworms and similar parasites. The author refers to cases from Portuguese Africa, India and Brazil, and gives clinical observations based on his own case studies, s…

1822

#12497

Travels along the Mediterranean, and parts adjacent; in the company with the Earl of Belmore, during the years 1816-17-18: Extending as far as the second cataract of the Nile, Jerusalem, Damascus, Balbec &c. &c. 2 vols.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

1824

#2531

Origines contagii.

History of contagious disease in the ancient world through readings from the texts. A supplementary “Additamenta” was published in 1826. Digital facsimile of the 1824 edition from the Internet Archive at this link.

1829

#5291

Sur la pyrophlyctide endémique, ou pustule d’Aleppo.

Important description of “Aleppo boil”, furunculosis orientalis.

1831

#10790

A practical medico-historical account of the western coast of Africa: Embracing a topographical description of its shores, rivers, and settlements, with their seasons and comparative healthiness: Together with the causes, symptoms, and treatment, of the fevers of western Africa, and a similar account respecting the other diseases which prevail there.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive at this link.

1832

#12667

The Aphorisms of Hippocrates, translated into Arabic by Honain ben Ishak, physician to the Caliph Motawukkul. [Edited from two MSS

1833

#7260

Ueber den Zustand der Heilkunde und über die Volkskrankheiten in der europäischen und asiatischen Türkei. Ein Beitrag zur Kultur- und Sittengeschichte.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1833

#8208

The Taleef shereef, or Indian materia medica translated from the original by George Playfair, Superintending Surgeon, Bengal Service. Published by The Medical and Physical Society of Calcutta.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1833

#13664

Compte rendu des travaux de l'École de Médecine d'Abou-Zabel (Égypte), et de l'examen général des élèves pour les 1re, 2e, 3e, 4e, et 5e années da sa fondation 1242-1243 (1827-1828)....Suivi de l'exposé de la conduite et des travaux de l'auteur lui-même en Égypte, depuis 1240 à 1248 (Hégyre) 1825 à 1832, et de diverses pièces relatives à son voyage en France.

"During the French occupation of Egypt, Napoleon designated Kasr al-Aini a hospital for his troops in 1799, and then afterwards proposed the opening of a school to teach local Egyptian students the medicine required t…

1835

#439

Antiquitates anatomicae rariores, quibus origo, incrementa et status anatomes, apud antiquissimae memoriae gentes, historica fide illustrantur.

Anatomical terms used in antiquity, representing to a certain, extent a survey of the literature of ancient medicine available to Hyrtl. Digital facsimile from The Medical Heritage Library, Internet Archive, at this l…

1840

#6502

Geschichte der arabischen Aerzte und Naturforscher.

This has traditionally been considered the first major history of Arab medicine. It was written mostly in the form of a chronological series of bio-bibliographies, and should also be considered a pioneering bibliograp…

1840

#5267

Observations on the disease lethargus: with cases and pathology.

Clarke left a detailed account of African trypanosomiasis; he saw cases of the disease while serving as a colonial surgeon at Sierra Leone, and named it “narcoleptic dropsy”.

1840

#8828

Catalogue of skulls of man, and the inferior animals, in the collection of Samuel George Morton.

Numbers 901-929 in Morton's catalogue are "Thirty Skulls of genuine unmixed NEGROES born in Africa. This interesting series series was collected by Don José Rodriguez Cisnerso, M. D. of Havana, in the island of Cuba, …

1840

#13663

De la peste observée en Égypte. Recherches et considérations sur cette maladie.

Includes two hand-colored lithographs depicting costumes of "plague doctors" -- one from the Middle Ages in Marseille, the other from Marseille in 1819; the similarities are striking! Digital facsimile from wellcomeco…

1842 –1871

#12683

Ibn Khallikan's biographical dictionary. Translated from the Arabic by Bn. Mac Guckin de Slane. 4 vols.

Begun in 1256, this eight-volume biographical dictionary of Islamic scholarship and literature entitled Wafayāt al-aʿyān wa-anbāʾ abnāʾ az-zamān (وفيات الأعيان وأنباء أبناء الزمان) ('Deaths of Eminent Men and the Sons…

1842

#13708

Les bains de Brousse, en Bithynie (Turquie d'Asie), avec une vue des bains et un plan des environs de Brousse.

The introduction of Western hydrotherapy to the Ottoman world. Focusing upon the hot springs of Bursa, Bernard promoted the healing effects of warm waters to the general Ottoman population. Digital facsimile from Goog…

1842

#13843

Notes and observations on the Ionian Islands and Malta: With some remarks on Constantinople and Turkey, and on the system of quarantine as at present conducted. 2 vols.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1843

#10737

Medical history of the expedition to the Niger during the years 1841-42, comprising an account of the fever which led to its abrupt termination.

McWilliam included a history of yellow fever, pathology, description of symptoms, sequences, causes, treatment. He also described the state of medicine among the Africans. He specifically described the ventilation of …

1843

#12660

Sierra Leone: A Description of the manners and customs of the liberated Africans; with observations upon the natural history of the colony, and a notice of the native tribes.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1844

#8832

Crania Aegyptiaca: or, observations on Egyptian ethnography, derived from anatomy, history and the monuments. From the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. IX.

Morton argued that blacks and whites had been racially distinct since the Egyptian First Dynasty and drew the following conclusions, long since debunked: "Conclusions. "1. The valley of the Nile, both in Egypt and in …

1844

#13074

Pharmacopoea Castrensis Ottomano. Pharmacopée militaire Ottomane.

The first original pharmacopoeia printed in the Ottoman Empire, with an original text by the Austrian physician Karl Ambros Bernard. The text of this pharmacopeia was in French and Latin, accompanied by Italian terms.…

1849

#13666

Compte-rendu de l'état del'enseignement médical et du service de santé civil et militaire de l'Égypte au commencement de mars 1849.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1850 –1852

#13648

Maladies de l'Algérie. Des causes, de la symptômatologie, de la nature et du traitement des maladies endémo-épidémiques de la province d'Oran. 2 vols.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1852 –1859

#49

Collectio Salernitana: Ossia documenti inediti, e trattati di medicina appartenenti alla scuola medica Salernitana, raccolti ed illustrati da G.E.T Henschel, C. Daremberg, E.S. deRenzi; premessa la storia della scuola e publicati a cura di Salvatore de Renzi. 5 vols.

The School of Medicine at Salerno dispelled the stagnation of medicine which had persisted throughout the early Middle Ages. Its masters were the first medieval physicians to cultivate medicine as an independent scien…

1852

#5339

Ein Beitrag zur Helminthographia humana aus brieflichen Mittheilungen des Dr. Bilharz in Cairo, nebst Bemerkungen von C. T. v. Siebold.

Discovery, in 1851, of Schistosoma haematobium, the parasite of bilharziasis. Bilharz was Professor of Zoology at Cairo. English translation in Rev. infect. Dis., 1984, 4, 727-32, and in Kean (No. 2268.1).

1852 –1860

#10700

Le Nâċérî. La perfection des deux arts ou traité complet d'hippologie et d'hippiatrie arabes. Traduit de l'arabe d'Abū Bakr Ibn Bedr par M. [Nicolas] Perron. 3 vols.

The author was Chief Veterinarian of the Sultan Mamluk of Egypt Nāṣir al-Dīn Muḥammad ibn Qalāwūn. (reigned three times between 1293 and 1341). His work focuses on the treatment of horses and falcons. It is divided in…

1853

#10235

Change of climate considered as a remedy in dyspetic, pulmonary, and other chronic affections; with an account of the most eligible places of residence for invalids in Spain, Portugal, Algeria, etc., at different seasons of the year; and an appendix on the mineral springs of the Pyrenees, Vichy, and Aix les Bains.

The author, a pulmonary specialist at Cavendish Square, London, provides a detailed manual for invalid travellers, seeking cures for tuberculosis, and indigestion and "nervous affections." It may be one of the first t…

1854

#5355

Klinische und anatomische Beobachtungen über die Krankheiten von Aegypten.

Griesinger connected the worm of ankylostomiasis with Egyptian chlorosis, a condition in which the worm had previously been noted without its being considered the causal agent (pp. 555-61). Apparently Bilharz in 1853 …

1854

#6833

[In Persian script] Cheragh haa rewshenaaa der asewl pezeshekea [Illumination of the fundamentals of medicine].

Issued in 1271 A. H. (1854 CE), this entirely lithographed book introduced Western anatomical illustration to Persian culture. As part of an effort to modernize medical education in Persia, medical textbooks such as M…

1854

#13649

L'Algérie médical: Topographie, climatologie, pathogénie, pathologie, prophylaxie, hygiène, acclimatement et colonisation.

Digital facsimile from BnF Gallica at this link.

1854

#14061

Kitab fi tashrih beden al-insan [in Persian; English translation: Anatomy of the human body]. Lithographed text.

The first original Persian-language anatomy textbook based on western medical science, printed in a very small number of copies for the use of Polak’s Persian students. Polak, an Austrian physician, was responsible fo…

1855

#6503

Médecine et hygiène des Arabes. Études sur l’exercice de la médecine et de la chirurgie chez les Musulmans de l’Algérie, leurs connaissances en anatomie, histoire naturelle, pharmacie, médecine légale, etc. Leurs conditions climatériques générales, leur pratiques hygiéniques publiques et privées, leurs maladies, leurs traitements les plus usités. Précédées de considérations sur l’état général de la médecine chez les principales nations Mahométanes.

Digital facsimile from the Internet Archive, at this link.

1856

#14062

Kitab-i jarrahi wa yak risalah dar kahhali [in Persian; English translation: Book on surgery with a treatise on ophthalmology]. Lithographed text.

The first Persian-language surgery and ophthalmology textbook based on Western medical science. Polak based his textbook on Joseph Maximilien Chelius’s Handbuch der Chirurgie (1830) and Handbuch der Augenheilkunde (18…

1857

#5269

Missionary travels and researches in South Africa.

Livingstone gave an accurate account of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans and of the disease in cattle following its bite (see pp. 80-83; picture of the tsetse fly on p. 571). In his time the bite of the fly was thoug…

1858

#2165

Medical and surgical history of the British Army which served in Turkey and the Crimea during the war against Russia, in the years 1854-56. 2 vols.

GREAT BRITAIN. War Office. Medical Services

First official medical and surgical history of a war.

1858

#5270

Arsenic as a remedy for the tsetse bite.

Livingstone was probably the first to administer arsenic for the treatment of “nagana”, a disease of horses caused by trypanosomes. This followed a suggestion by James Braid. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at th…

1858

#12482

Impressions of Western Africa. With remarks on the diseases of the climate and a report on the peculiarities of trade up the rivers in the Bight of Biafra.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1858

#13665

Compte rendu de l'examen des élèves de l'École de Médecine et de l'École d'Accouchement du Caire, pour la première année de sa réorganisation ... 6 avril 1858.

Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

1859 –1933

#11961

Flora capensis: Being a systematic description of the plants of the Cape colony, Caffraria, & Port Natal. 7 vols. in 11.

This work was published over 73 years. Vols. 1-3 were by Harvey and Sonder. The remaining volumes were by "Various Botanists" edited by Thiselton-Dyer, except for Vol. 5, Section 2 (Supplement) edited by Arthur Willia…