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39 entries match Immunology & Dermatology [C19 / C20 / C17] · Nobel Prizes [K01.150.567]
1878
#3826
Exstirpation einer Struma retroesophagea.
Kocher, a pupil of Billroth, was a pioneer of thyroidectomy for goitre. Before his time the operation was seldom performed. Garrison says that Kocher performed this difficult operation 2,000 times, with a mortality ra…
1890
#2544
Ueber das Zustandekommen der Diphtherie-Immunität und der Tetanus-Immunität bei Thieren.
Antitoxins and their immunizing powers were discovered when Behring and Kitasato published their paper dealing with immunity to tetanus and diphtheria. This work laid the foundation of all future treatment with antito…
1895
#2547
Contribution à l’ étude du sérum chez les animaux vaccinés.
In Bordet’s classic paper on the properties of the sera of immunized animals he showed that two different substances (now known as sensitizing antibody and complement) are involved in the phenomenon of bacteriolysis. …
1897
#5064
Die Wertbestimmung des Diphtherieheilserums.
Ehrlich improved Behring’s diphtheria antitoxin through quantitative titration and established an international standard for this and other antitoxins. This was the beginning of the concept of biological standardizati…
1901
#2555
L’immunité dans les maladies infectieuses.
A classic study of the mechanisms concerned in specific antibacterial immunity, and one of Metchnikoff’s best works. Russian edition: Nevospriimchivost’ k infekcionnim boleznyam. St. Petersburg: K.L. Rikker, 1903. Eng…
1902
#2590
De l’action anaphylactique de certains venins.
First full description of the phenomenon of “anaphylaxis,” the name of which was coined by Richet. Abbreviated English translation in Bibel, Milestones of immunology (1988). In 1913, Richet was awarded the Nobel Prize…
1907
#2599
De l’anaphylaxie en général et de l’anaphylaxie par la mytilocongestine en particulier.
In 1913 Richet was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "in recognition of his work on anaphylaxis."
1922
#3966
The internal secretion of the pancreas. (Abstract).
A preliminary one-page communication regarding the isolation of insulin, made to a meeting of the American Physiological Society in December 1921. Digital facsimile from insulin.library.utoronto.ca at this link. In 19…
1930
#1169
La diabetes pancreática de los perros hipofisoprivos.
Houssay’s depancreatized hypophysectomized dog. This work led to Houssay’s demonstration of the importance of the anterior pituitary in sugar metabolism. See also Endocrinology, 1931,15, 511-23. In 1947 Houssay shared…
1931
#1195
Ueber die chemische Untersuchung der Sexualhormone.
The male sex hormone, androsterone, was isolated in crystalline form by Butenandt. In 1939 Butenandt received half of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his work on sex hormones." The other half was awarded to Leopold …
1934
#1201
Über die Synthese des Testikelhormons (Androsteron) und Stereoisomerer desselben durch Abbau hydrierter Sterine.
First complete synthesis of a sex hormone (androsterone). With M. W. Goldberg, J. Meyer, H. Brüngger, and E. Eichenberger. In 1939 Ruzicka shared the 1939 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Butenandt (No. 1195) "for his wo…
1936
#1153
Über Bestandteile der Nebennieren-Rinde. VI. Trennungsmethoden sowie Isolierung der Substanzen Fa, H, und j.
Isolation of Compound Fa, identical with Compounds E and F. "In the mid-1930s Edward Kendall and Tadeus Reichstein succeeded in isolating and analyzing the composition of a number of similar hormones derived from the …
1937
#1925
Action protectrice des éthers phénoliques au cours de l’intoxication histaminique.
First description of structure and action of an antihistamine. In 1957 Bovet was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine “for his discoveries relating to synthetic compounds that inhibit the action of certai…
1937
#5467
The use of yellow fever virus modified by in vitro cultivation for human immunization.
Immunization without the use of immune serum. In 1951 Theiler was awared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discovery of an effective vaccine against yellow fever." This was the first Nobel Prize award…
1945
#14284
Acetylation of sulfanilamide by liver homogenates and extracts.
Discovery of co-enzyme A and its importance for intermediary metabolism. This discovery illuminated “the process by which cells make available the energy to drive their manufacturing processes” (Judson, p. 245). In 19…
1949
#4671.1
Cultivation of the Lansing strain of poliomyelitis virus in cultures of various human embryonic tissues.
Enders, Weller, and Robbins grew the poliomyelitis virus in cultures of different tissues. Their method proved of great value in virus research, and removed the final obstacles to vaccine production. In 1974 Enders, W…
1951
#13595
The technique of free skin grafting in mammals.
This "paper facilitated the later discovery of `actively acquired tolerance' and the definition of the principal laws of transplantation tolerance. Thus, it was in a series of classic experiments (stemming from this J…
1953
#1175.3
The synthesis of an octapeptide amide with the hormonal activity of oxytocin.
Synthesis of oxytocin. With C. Ressler, J. M. Swan, C. W. Roberts, P. G. Katsoyannis, and S. Gordon. In 1955 Vigneaud was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his work on biochemically important sulphur compounds…
1955
#1207
The disulphide bonds of insulin.
Sanger sequenced the amino acids of insulin, the first of any protein. His work “revealed that a protein has a definite constant, genetically determined sequence—and yet a sequence with no general rule for its assembl…
1958
#2578.25
Separation and isolation of fractions of rabbit gamma-globulin containing the antibody and antigenic combining sites.
In 1972 Porter shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with G.M. Edelman (No. 2578.39) "for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of antibodies."
1958
#2578.26
Iso-leuco-anticorps.
Discovery of the first histocompatibility antigen. In 1980 Dausset shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with B. Benacerraf and G. D. Snell "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structure…
1958
#2578.30
Histocompatibility genes of the mouse.
Snell made fundamental contributions to transplantation genetics. At his suggestion genes governing transplantation were called histocompatibility genes and Gorer’s Antigen II became Histocompatibility-2 (H-2). In 198…
1959
#2578.31
The clonal selection theory of acquired immunity. The Abraham Flexner Lectures of Vanderbilt University 1958.
Burnet's clonal selection theory extended the idea that each antibody-producing cell makes antibodies of only one specificity, predicting these cells proliferate in response to the detection of antigens, cloning and t…
1960
#2578.28
Immunosassay of endogenous plasma insulin in man.
First radioimmunoassay of a hormone, a test capable of estimating nonogram or even picogram quantities. In 1977 Yalow received half of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for the development of radioimmunoassay…
1962
#1931.4
The structure of prostaglandin E, F1 and F2.
In this and subsequent papers Bergström and Samuelsson elucidated the chemical structure of prostaglandins. In 1982 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded jointly to Sune K. Bergström, Bengt I. Samuelss…
1969
#2578.39
The covalent structure of an entire ÁG immunoglobulin molecule.
Complete sequence of an immunoglobulin molecule. With five coauthors. In 1972 Edelman shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with R. R. Porter “for their discoveries concerning the chemical structure of anti…
1970
#14232
Characterization of ovine hypothalamic hypophysiotropic TSH-releasing factor.
Working with sheep preparations, the authors determined that the molecular structure of TRF (thyroid releasing hormone), is 2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylyl-histidyl-L-proline amide. On page 324, they showed the molecular s…
1971
#13958
Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis as a mechanism of action for aspirin-like drugs.
In 1982 Vane shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Sune Bergström and Bengt Samuelsson for "their discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related biologically active substances."
1971
#14231
Structure of the porcine LH-and FSH-releasing hormone. II. Confirmation of the proposed structure by conventional sequential analyses.
Publication in May 1971: Working with pig preparations, the authors reinvestigated the peptide that they had previously isolated, which acted as an LH-FSH releasing hormone. They performed an Edman-dansyl degradation …
1972
#2578.29
Histocompatibility-linked immune response genes.
Benacerraf and McDevitt discovered that the capacity to mount certain immune responses is genetically determined. In 1980 Benacerraf shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with J. Dausset and G. D. Snell "fo…
1973
#11074
Identification of a novel cell type in peripheral lymphoid organs in mice. I. Morphology, quantitation, tissue distribution.
Order of authorship in the original publication: Steinman, Cohn. In this paper Steinman announced his discovery of the dendritic cell. Digital facsimile from PubMedCentral at this link. In 2011 Steinman received half …
1974
#7453
Restriction of in vitro T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in lymphocytic choriomeningitis within a syngeneic or semiallogeneic system.
Doherty and Zinkernagel discovered how a class of white blood cells known as T cells kill virus-infected cells in the body, and so present the spread of viruses. In 1998 Zinkernagel and Doherty were awarded the Nobel …
1975
#2578.43
Continuous cultures of fused cells secreting antibody of predefined specificity.
Hybridomas. In 1984 Köhler and Milstein shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Niels K. Jerne, "for theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery …
1976
#14245
Evidence for somatic rearrangement of immunoglobulin genes coding for variable and constant regions.
Discovery of V(D)J recombination, the genetic mechanism which produces antibody diversity. In 1987 Tonegawa was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for his discovery of the genetic principle for generat…
1982
#14266
Tumor-specific antigen of murine T-lymphoma defined with monoclonal antibody.
In 1982 Allison discovered the T-cell receptor. Order of authorship in the original publication: Allison, Bloch, McIntyre.
1992
#14268
Induced expression of PD-1, a novel member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily, upon programmed cell death.
Honjo discovered the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1). This discovery significantly contributed to the establishment of cancer immunotherapy principle by PD-1 blockade. Order of authorship in the original public…
1996
#14267
Enhancement of antitumor immunity by CTLA-4 blockade.
In the early 1990s James Allison showed that CTLA-4 acts as an inhibitory molecule to restrict T-cell responses. In 1996, Allison was the first to show that antibody blockade of a T-cell inhibitory molecule (known as …
1998
#12112
Defective LPS signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr mice: Mutations in the Tlr4 gene.
Order of authorship in the original paper: Poltorak, Smirnova...Beutler. The authors, led by Beutler, showed that mice that harbor a mutation of the gene which codes for the production of the Toll-like receptor TLR4 q…
2005
#13622
Suppression of RNA recognition by toll-like receptors: The impact of nucleoside modification and the evolutionary origin of RNA.
Karikó and Weissman discovered the nucleoside modifications that suppress the immungenicity of RNA, leading to their patents for the application of non-immunogenic, nucleoside-modified RNA (modRNA). This technology wa…